Where to start with so many available bits? As overwhelming as choosing a bit can be, it is an important part of the tack that deserves more attention than it generally gets. When a bit does not fit right, the horse may show difficulties in using its body properly or show other signs of discomfort. Considering every horse has its own unique anatomy and preferences, it is impossible to offer a ‘quick-fix’ suitable for every horse. Since it might take some experimenting to find the right bit, consulting an expert on bits can make choosing easier.
Less space
Two of the basic things to consider when choosing a bit are the length and thickness. The easiest method to determine the needed length is to try different sizes of bits. A bit that is too small will pinch, if it is too large it will slide back and forth. If the bit fits correctly, you should be able to place a small finger between the mouth and rings on each side. Finding the right size is easier than deciding on the required thickness of the bit.
It is a common belief that a thicker bit is softer and friendlier. The theory supports the belief: more surface means more distribution of pressure and thus a milder effect on the mouth. In practice, modern horses are bred for elegance and as a result have less space available for a bit. In this case a thick bit is neither friendly nor soft: it does not fit. The choice for a certain thickness should be made based on the anatomy of the mouth. The bit should be comfortable and the horse should be able to properly close its mouth.
The Mouthpiece
The mouthpiece is the part of the bit that rests in the mouth of the horse, it partly determines the effect a bit has on the mouth. There are roughly three common types of mouthpieces but in combination with the rings many variations of bits exist.
Want to feel what effect a bit has? Hold the rings of the bit and let someone else give rein aids.
This double jointed three ring gag is made of solid stainless steel combined with a layer of sweet iron on the mouthpiece (blue). The mouthpiece features a lozenge, which activates the tongue and stimulates saliva production. As a result, the horse will be more willing to accept the bit. Salivation is even more encouraged by the coating of sweet iron on the mouthpiece. When this material reacts with moisture, warmth and air in a process called oxidation, the surface rust tastes sweet. The bit applies normal pressure on the mouth and is suitable for hard-mouthed horses. Mouthpiece thickness 13 mm, ring size 65 mm.
